While more than 98% of teachers surveyed by the French Association of Publishers stated that they perceived the pedagogical potential of comics, only 30% of them had use them as part of their teaching practice in the previous year, mostly due to a lack of practical guidance.
The educational advantages of comics in the classroom are well identified in theory:
- They allow to turn lessons into stories, which makes concepts less abstract.
- They can be perceived as informal learning resources in complement to text lessons, thus less intimidating to students who have difficulties.
- They provide visual articulation cues which supports the reader to read at their own pace and go back to the critical points more easily.
- When the reader is trained to make a comics strip or page, comics become a means of self- expression and knowledge restitution.
In practice, however, it appears that the potential of comics as educative tools is not yet realised in education institutions in general. The 2017 National Comics Conference in Angouleme (France), tackled the barriers that prevent comics from actually entering the classroom. Their main findings were the following:
- Comics still suffer from a negative image as being a “light medium” not suitable to support actual learning.
- There is a lack of official guidance as to which comics to use and how to integrate them in teaching practices.
- Teachers consider it difficult to identify comics that fit with the programme.
- Even when comics are used, teachers focus on the text and are not equipped to analyse illustrations.
- Comics are more expensive than other books and are difficult to acquire for school libraries and for students.
In addition to these barriers, it is important to note other obstacles:
- Not all comics are accessible to learners with SLDs
- Cultural barriers can make it more difficult for teachers to feel equipped to use different forms of comics that can be popular with teenagers.